I-International Energy Agency: ivolumu yokuthengiswa kwephampu lokushisa ye-EU izokhuphuka izikhathi ezi-2.5 ngo-2030

I-International Energy Agency (IEA) iveze embikweni okhishwe ngoLwesithathu ukuthi inkinga yamandla emhlabeni jikelele isheshise ukuguqulwa kwamandla, futhi amaphampu okushisa asebenzayo, okonga amandla kanye nekhabhoni ephansi nawo abe yisinqumo esisha.Kulindeleke ukuthi ukuthengiswa komhlaba wonke kwesistimu yamaphampu okushisa kunyukele ezingeni lamarekhodi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.

Embikweni okhethekile othi “Ikusasa Lamaphampu Okushisa”, i-IEA yenze umbono obanzi womhlaba wonke mayelana nephampu yokushisa yomoya ukuya emanzini.Ubuchwepheshe bephampu yokushisa ubuchwepheshe obusha bamandla obudonse ukunaka okukhulu emhlabeni wonke eminyakeni yamuva.Ngokukhethekile, isistimu yephampu yokushisa ehlukanisayo iyidivayisi engathola amandla okushisa ezinga eliphansi emoyeni wemvelo, amanzi noma inhlabathi, futhi inikeze amandla okushisa ekhwalithi ephezulu angasetshenziswa abantu ngomsebenzi wamandla.

I-IEA ithe iphampu yokushisa iyisixazululo esisebenzayo nesihambisana nesimo sezulu.Amabhilidi amaningi emhlabeni angasebenzisa iphampu yokushisa ukushisa nokupholisa, okungasiza abathengi bonge imali futhi kunciphise ukuncika kwamazwe kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.

Imakethe yephampu yokushisa ithole ukukhula okuqinile eminyakeni yamuva nje ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi kanye nezikhuthazo ezinamandla.Ngo-2021, umthamo wokuthengiswa kwephampu lokushisa emhlabeni wonke lenyuke cishe ngo-15% unyaka nonyaka, okuhlanganisa nenani lokuthengisa le-EU lenyuke cishe ngama-35%.

Ukuze ubhekane nenkinga yamandla emhlabeni wonke, ukuthengiswa kwamaphampu okushisa ngo-2022 kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele izinga lokuqopha, ikakhulukazi eYurophu.Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022, ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kuphindeke ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.

I-IEA ikholelwa ukuthi uma ohulumeni bekhuthaza ngempumelelo izinjongo zabo zokunciphisa ukungcola kanye nezinjongo zokuphepha kwamandla, ngo-2030, ukuthengiswa kwaminyaka yonke kwamaphampu okushisa e-EU kungase kunyuke kusuka kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-2 ngo-2021 kuya kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-7, okulingana nokukhuphuka izikhathi ezingu-2.5.

Umqondisi we-IEA u-Birol uthe uhlelo lwephampu lokushisa luyingxenye ebalulekile yokunciphisa nokuthuthuka, futhi luyisixazululo se-EU ukuxazulula inkinga yamandla yamanje.

U-Birol wengeze ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bepompo yokushisa komoya ukuya emanzini buye bavivinywa futhi bavivinywa, futhi bungasebenza ngisho nasezimweni zezulu ezibanda kakhulu.Abenzi benqubomgomo kufanele babuseke ngokugcwele lobu buchwepheshe.Amaphampu okushisa azodlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukushisisa kwemizi, ukuvikela amakhaya asengozini kanye namabhizinisi emananini aphezulu, kanye nokufeza imigomo yesimo sezulu.

Ngokusho kwedatha ye-IEA, ngokwenani lamanje lamandla, izindleko zamandla ezilondolozwa imindeni yaseYurophu naseMelika eshintshela kumaphampu okushisa minyaka yonke zisuka ku-$300 kuya ku-$900.

Kodwa-ke, izindleko zokuthenga nokufaka amaphampu okushisa zingase zibe izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezine kunezokusebenzisa igesi, okudinga ukuthi uhulumeni anikeze ukwesekwa okudingekayo.Njengamanje, amazwe angaphezu kwama-30 asebenzise izikhuthazo zezimali zamaphampu okushisa.

I-IEA ilinganisela ukuthi ngo-2030, amaphampu okushisa angase anciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni dioxide emhlabeni wonke okungenani ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-500, okulingana nokukhishwa kwesikhutha kwaminyaka yonke kwazo zonke izimoto zaseYurophu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphampu okushisa angabuye ahlangabezane nezinye zezidingo zemikhakha yezimboni, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini zephepha, zokudla kanye namakhemikhali.

U-Birol uncome ukuthi zonke izimo zokukhishwa kwemakethe yepompo yokushisa sezilungile, okusikhumbuza ithrekhi yokuthuthukiswa kwe-photovoltaic kanye nobuchwepheshe bezimoto zikagesi.Amaphampu okushisa axazulule izinkathazo ezicindezela kakhulu zabenzi benqubomgomo abaningi mayelana nokutholakala kwamandla, ukuphepha kokuhlinzekwa kanye nenkinga yesimo sezulu, futhi bazodlala amandla amakhulu omnotho kanye nemvelo esikhathini esizayo.